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The Biturai crypto encyclopedia: AI-assisted, data-informed, and continuously quality-audited.
Bitcoinica and Early Bitcoin Exchange Hacks
Early Bitcoin exchange hacks, notably involving platforms like Bitcoinica and Mt. Gox, exposed critical vulnerabilities in nascent cryptocurrency infrastructure. These incidents profoundly shaped the industry's approach to security, risk
BitMart Hack 2021: Hot Wallet Compromise Explained
The BitMart hack of December 2021 involved the compromise of hot wallets on the Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain, leading to the theft of approximately $196 million in various cryptocurrencies. This incident highlighted the critical
Parity Multi-Signature Wallet Exploit: The First Major Contract Theft
The Parity Multi-signature Wallet Exploit in July 2017 led to the theft of over $30 million in Ether due to a smart contract vulnerability. This incident highlighted critical security challenges in decentralized applications, emphasizing
Parity Wallet Bug 2017: Millions Frozen by Selfdestruct
In 2017, a critical vulnerability in Parity's multi-signature wallet software led to hundreds of millions of dollars worth of Ether being permanently frozen. An accidental trigger of the selfdestruct function on a shared library contract
Multichain Collapse 2023: Missing Keys and Exploit
The Multichain protocol, a prominent cross-chain bridge, ceased operations in 2023 following a significant exploit and the disappearance of its CEO. This event led to the loss of multi-party computation keys and over $120 million in user
Mixin Network Hack 2023: Database Compromise
The Mixin Network hack in September 2023 involved a substantial loss of approximately $200 million in cryptocurrencies. This incident stemmed from a database compromise at its cloud service provider, not a direct exploit of the blockchain
The Harmony Horizon Bridge Hack of 2022
In June 2022, the Harmony Horizon Bridge suffered a significant security breach, resulting in the theft of approximately $100 million in various cryptocurrencies. This incident highlighted critical vulnerabilities in cross-chain bridge
bZx Hacks: Early DeFi Flash Loan Attacks
The bZx protocol experienced two significant flash loan attacks in February 2020, resulting in substantial losses of cryptocurrency. These incidents highlighted critical vulnerabilities in early DeFi smart contracts and fundamentally
Cream Finance Hacks: Repeated Flash Loan Exploits
Cream Finance experienced multiple significant security breaches involving flash loan and reentrancy exploits, leading to substantial financial losses. These incidents highlight critical vulnerabilities in decentralized finance protocols
Beanstalk Governance Exploit 2022: The Flash Loan Takeover
The Beanstalk stablecoin protocol suffered a significant governance exploit in April 2022, resulting in the loss of over $180 million. Attackers leveraged a flash loan to gain overwhelming voting power and pass malicious proposals,
The Mango Markets Exploit 2022: Oracle Manipulation by Avraham Eisenberg
The Mango Markets exploit in October 2022 was a sophisticated attack on a decentralized finance (DeFi) platform, resulting in over $110 million in losses. Avraham Eisenberg manipulated the price oracle of the MNGO token to artificially
Curve Finance Reentrancy Hack 2023: Vyper Compiler Bug Explained
The Curve Finance exploit in July 2023, initially believed to be a standard reentrancy attack, was fundamentally caused by a critical zero-day compiler bug in older versions of the Vyper programming language. This flaw allowed attackers to
BadgerDAO Hack: Frontend Attack via Injected Code
The BadgerDAO hack in December 2021 was a significant cybersecurity incident in decentralized finance. It exploited the project's frontend web infrastructure, not its smart contracts, leading to approximately $120 million in stolen funds.
The WazirX Hack of 2024: Multi-Signature Wallet Compromise
The WazirX hack on July 18, 2024, involved the theft of approximately $234.9 million in digital assets from a multi-signature wallet. This incident highlighted critical vulnerabilities in operational security and third-party custody
The Bybit Hack of 2025: History's Largest Crypto Theft
The Bybit Hack of 2025 was an unprecedented cyberattack on the Bybit cryptocurrency exchange, resulting in the theft of approximately $1.5 billion in Ethereum. This incident, attributed to the Lazarus Group, marked the largest
Lazarus Group: North Korea's State-Sponsored Crypto Hackers
The Lazarus Group is a notorious state-sponsored hacking organization from North Korea, primarily known for its extensive cyberattacks targeting the cryptocurrency industry. Since 2017, they have stolen billions in digital assets to fund
Fake Job Interview Malware: The Lazarus Group's Developer Scheme
This article explains how sophisticated cyberattacks, often by the Lazarus Group, target crypto developers through fake job interviews. These schemes aim to trick individuals into installing malware to steal sensitive data and
Malicious npm Packages Targeting Crypto Developers
Malicious npm packages pose a significant threat to cryptocurrency developers by injecting harmful code into widely used software components. These supply chain attacks can compromise wallets and manipulate transactions, highlighting the
Remote Access Trojans (RATs) in Crypto Theft
Remote Access Trojans are malicious software that allow attackers to gain full control over a victim's computer. These tools are frequently exploited by cybercriminals to steal cryptocurrencies and access sensitive wallet information.
Clipboard Malware: CryptoShuffler and Wallet Address Hijacking
Clipboard malware is malicious software that silently monitors and alters copied text, specifically targeting cryptocurrency wallet addresses. It replaces a legitimate address with an attacker's address during the copy-paste process,